");mask-image:url("data:image/svg+xml;utf8, ");mask-mode:alpha;-webkit-mask-position:center;mask-position:center;-webkit-mask-repeat:no-repeat;mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-size:contain;mask-size:contain;}}:root :where(.wp-block-image.is-style-rounded img,.wp-block-image .is-style-rounded img){border-radius:9999px;}.wp-block-image figure{margin:0;}@keyframes show-content-image{0%{visibility:hidden;}99%{visibility:hidden;}to{visibility:visible;}}@keyframes turn-on-visibility{0%{opacity:0;}to{opacity:1;}}@keyframes turn-off-visibility{0%{opacity:1;visibility:visible;}99%{opacity:0;visibility:visible;}to{opacity:0;visibility:hidden;}}@keyframes lightbox-zoom-in{0%{transform:translate(calc(( -100vw + var(--wp--lightbox-scrollbar-width) ) / 2 + var(--wp--lightbox-initial-left-position)),calc(-50vh + var(--wp--lightbox-initial-top-position))) scale(var(--wp--lightbox-scale));}to{transform:translate(-50%,-50%) scale(1);}}@keyframes lightbox-zoom-out{0%{transform:translate(-50%,-50%) scale(1);visibility:visible;}99%{visibility:visible;}to{transform:translate(calc(( -100vw + var(--wp--lightbox-scrollbar-width) ) / 2 + var(--wp--lightbox-initial-left-position)),calc(-50vh + var(--wp--lightbox-initial-top-position))) scale(var(--wp--lightbox-scale));visibility:hidden;}}ol.wp-block-latest-comments{box-sizing:border-box;margin-left:0;}:where(.wp-block-latest-comments:not([style*=line-height] .wp-block-latest-comments__comment)){line-height:1.1;}:where(.wp-block-latest-comments:not([style*=line-height] .wp-block-latest-comments__comment-excerpt p)){line-height:1.8;}.has-dates :where(.wp-block-latest-comments:not([style*=line-height])),.has-excerpts :where(.wp-block-latest-comments:not([style*=line-height])){line-height:1.5;}.wp-block-latest-comments .wp-block-latest-comments{padding-left:0;}.wp-block-latest-comments__comment{list-style:none;margin-bottom:1em;}.has-avatars .wp-block-latest-comments__comment{list-style:none;min-height:2.25em;}.has-avatars .wp-block-latest-comments__comment .wp-block-latest-comments__comment-excerpt,.has-avatars .wp-block-latest-comments__comment .wp-block-latest-comments__comment-meta{margin-left:3.25em;}.wp-block-latest-comments__comment-excerpt p{font-size:.875em;margin:.36em 0 1.4em;}.wp-block-latest-comments__comment-date{display:block;font-size:.75em;}.wp-block-latest-comments .avatar,.wp-block-latest-comments__comment-avatar{border-radius:1.5em;display:block;float:left;height:2.5em;margin-right:.75em;width:2.5em;}.wp-block-latest-comments[class*=-font-size] a,.wp-block-latest-comments[style*=font-size] a{font-size:inherit;}.wp-block-latest-posts{box-sizing:border-box;}.wp-block-latest-posts.alignleft{margin-right:2em;}.wp-block-latest-posts.alignright{margin-left:2em;}.wp-block-latest-posts.wp-block-latest-posts__list{list-style:none;}.wp-block-latest-posts.wp-block-latest-posts__list li{clear:both;overflow-wrap:break-word;}.wp-block-latest-posts.is-grid{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;}.wp-block-latest-posts.is-grid li{margin:0 1.25em 1.25em 0;width:100%;}@media (min-width:600px){.wp-block-latest-posts.columns-4 li{width:calc(25% - .9375em);}.wp-block-latest-posts.columns-4 li:nth-child(4n){margin-right:0;}}:root :where(.wp-block-latest-posts.is-grid){padding:0;}:root :where(.wp-block-latest-posts.wp-block-latest-posts__list){padding-left:0;}.wp-block-latest-posts__post-author,.wp-block-latest-posts__post-date{display:block;font-size:.8125em;}.wp-block-latest-posts__post-excerpt{margin-bottom:1em;margin-top:.5em;}.wp-block-latest-posts__featured-image a{display:inline-block;}.wp-block-latest-posts__featured-image img{height:auto;max-width:100%;width:auto;}.wp-block-latest-posts__featured-image.alignleft{float:left;margin-right:1em;}.wp-block-latest-posts__featured-image.alignright{float:right;margin-left:1em;}ol{box-sizing:border-box;}:root :where(.wp-block-list.has-background){padding:1.25em 2.375em;}.wp-block-loginout,.wp-block-media-text{box-sizing:border-box;}.wp-block-media-text{direction:ltr;display:grid;grid-template-columns:50% 1fr;grid-template-rows:auto;}.wp-block-media-text.has-media-on-the-right{grid-template-columns:1fr 50%;}.wp-block-media-text.is-vertically-aligned-top>.wp-block-media-text__content,.wp-block-media-text.is-vertically-aligned-top>.wp-block-media-text__media{align-self:start;}.wp-block-media-text.is-vertically-aligned-center>.wp-block-media-text__content,.wp-block-media-text.is-vertically-aligned-center>.wp-block-media-text__media,.wp-block-media-text>.wp-block-media-text__content,.wp-block-media-text>.wp-block-media-text__media{align-self:center;}.wp-block-media-text.is-vertically-aligned-bottom>.wp-block-media-text__content,.wp-block-media-text.is-vertically-aligned-bottom>.wp-block-media-text__media{align-self:end;}.wp-block-media-text>.wp-block-media-text__media{grid-column:1;grid-row:1;margin:0;}.wp-block-media-text>.wp-block-media-text__content{direction:ltr;grid-column:2;grid-row:1;padding:0 8%;word-break:break-word;}.wp-block-media-text.has-media-on-the-right>.wp-block-media-text__media{grid-column:2;grid-row:1;}.wp-block-media-text.has-media-on-the-right>.wp-block-media-text__content{grid-column:1;grid-row:1;}.wp-block-media-text__media a{display:inline-block;}.wp-block-media-text__media img,.wp-block-media-text__media video{height:auto;max-width:unset;vertical-align:middle;width:100%;}.wp-block-media-text.is-image-fill>.wp-block-media-text__media{background-size:cover;height:100%;min-height:250px;}.wp-block-media-text.is-image-fill>.wp-block-media-text__media>a{display:block;height:100%;}.wp-block-media-text.is-image-fill>.wp-block-media-text__media img{height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);border:0;}.wp-block-media-text.is-image-fill-element>.wp-block-media-text__media{height:100%;min-height:250px;position:relative;}.wp-block-media-text.is-image-fill-element>.wp-block-media-text__media>a{display:block;height:100%;}.wp-block-media-text.is-image-fill-element>.wp-block-media-text__media img{height:100%;object-fit:cover;position:absolute;width:100%;}.wp-block-navigation{position:relative;--navigation-layout-justification-setting:flex-start;--navigation-layout-direction:row;--navigation-layout-wrap:wrap;--navigation-layout-justify:flex-start;--navigation-layout-align:center;}.wp-block-navigation ul{margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;margin-top:0;padding-left:0;}.wp-block-navigation ul,.wp-block-navigation ul li{list-style:none;padding:0;}.wp-block-navigation .wp-block-navigation-item{align-items:center;display:flex;position:relative;}.wp-block-navigation .wp-block-navigation-item .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container:empty{display:none;}.wp-block-navigation .wp-block-navigation-item__content{display:block;}.wp-block-navigation .wp-block-navigation-item__content.wp-block-navigation-item__content{color:inherit;}.wp-block-navigation.has-text-decoration-underline .wp-block-navigation-item__content,.wp-block-navigation.has-text-decoration-underline .wp-block-navigation-item__content:active,.wp-block-navigation.has-text-decoration-underline .wp-block-navigation-item__content:focus{text-decoration:underline;}.wp-block-navigation.has-text-decoration-line-through .wp-block-navigation-item__content,.wp-block-navigation.has-text-decoration-line-through .wp-block-navigation-item__content:active,.wp-block-navigation.has-text-decoration-line-through .wp-block-navigation-item__content:focus{text-decoration:line-through;}.wp-block-navigation :where(a),.wp-block-navigation :where(a:active),.wp-block-navigation :where(a:focus){text-decoration:none;}.wp-block-navigation .wp-block-navigation__submenu-icon{align-self:center;background-color:inherit;border:none;color:currentColor;display:inline-block;font-size:inherit;height:.6em;line-height:0;margin-left:.25em;padding:0;width:.6em;}.wp-block-navigation .wp-block-navigation__submenu-icon svg{display:inline-block;stroke:currentColor;height:inherit;margin-top:.075em;width:inherit;}.wp-block-navigation.is-vertical{--navigation-layout-direction:column;--navigation-layout-justify:initial;--navigation-layout-align:flex-start;}.wp-block-navigation .has-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container{align-items:normal;background-color:inherit;color:inherit;display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:0;left:-1px;opacity:0;overflow:hidden;position:absolute;top:100%;transition:opacity .1s linear;visibility:hidden;width:0;z-index:2;}.wp-block-navigation .has-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container>.wp-block-navigation-item>.wp-block-navigation-item__content{display:flex;flex-grow:1;}.wp-block-navigation .has-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container>.wp-block-navigation-item>.wp-block-navigation-item__content .wp-block-navigation__submenu-icon{margin-left:auto;margin-right:0;}.wp-block-navigation .has-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-navigation-item__content{margin:0;}@media (min-width:782px){.wp-block-navigation .has-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container{left:100%;top:-1px;}.wp-block-navigation .has-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container:before{background:rgba(0,0,0,0);content:"";display:block;height:100%;position:absolute;right:100%;width:.5em;}.wp-block-navigation .has-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-navigation__submenu-icon{margin-right:.25em;}.wp-block-navigation .has-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-navigation__submenu-icon svg{transform:rotate(-90deg);}}.wp-block-navigation .has-child .wp-block-navigation-submenu__toggle[aria-expanded=true]~.wp-block-navigation__submenu-container,.wp-block-navigation .has-child:not(.open-on-click):hover>.wp-block-navigation__submenu-container,.wp-block-navigation .has-child:not(.open-on-click):not(.open-on-hover-click):focus-within>.wp-block-navigation__submenu-container{height:auto;min-width:200px;opacity:1;overflow:visible;visibility:visible;width:auto;}.wp-block-navigation.has-background .has-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container{left:0;top:100%;}@media (min-width:782px){.wp-block-navigation.has-background .has-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container{left:100%;top:0;}}.wp-block-navigation-submenu{display:flex;position:relative;}.wp-block-navigation-submenu .wp-block-navigation__submenu-icon svg{stroke:currentColor;}button.wp-block-navigation-item__content{background-color:initial;border:none;color:currentColor;font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit;font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;letter-spacing:inherit;line-height:inherit;text-align:left;text-transform:inherit;}.wp-block-navigation-submenu__toggle{cursor:pointer;}.wp-block-navigation .wp-block-page-list,.wp-block-navigation__container,.wp-block-navigation__responsive-close,.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container,.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-content,.wp-block-navigation__responsive-dialog{gap:inherit;}:where(.wp-block-navigation.has-background .wp-block-navigation-item a:not(.wp-element-button)),:where(.wp-block-navigation.has-background .wp-block-navigation-submenu a:not(.wp-element-button)){padding:.5em 1em;}:where(.wp-block-navigation .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-navigation-item a:not(.wp-element-button)),:where(.wp-block-navigation .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-navigation-submenu a:not(.wp-element-button)),:where(.wp-block-navigation .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-navigation-submenu button.wp-block-navigation-item__content),:where(.wp-block-navigation .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-pages-list__item button.wp-block-navigation-item__content){padding:.5em 1em;}.wp-block-navigation:not(.has-background) .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container{background-color:#fff;border:1px solid rgba(0,0,0,.15);}.wp-block-navigation.has-background .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container{background-color:inherit;}.wp-block-navigation:not(.has-text-color) .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container{color:#000;}.wp-block-navigation__container{align-items:var(--navigation-layout-align,initial);display:flex;flex-direction:var(--navigation-layout-direction,initial);flex-wrap:var(--navigation-layout-wrap,wrap);justify-content:var(--navigation-layout-justify,initial);list-style:none;margin:0;padding-left:0;}.wp-block-navigation__container .is-responsive{display:none;}.wp-block-navigation__container:only-child,.wp-block-page-list:only-child{flex-grow:1;}@keyframes overlay-menu__fade-in-animation{0%{opacity:0;transform:translateY(.5em);}to{opacity:1;transform:translateY(0);}}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container{bottom:0;display:none;left:0;position:fixed;right:0;top:0;}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container :where(.wp-block-navigation-item a){color:inherit;}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-content{align-items:var(--navigation-layout-align,initial);display:flex;flex-direction:var(--navigation-layout-direction,initial);flex-wrap:var(--navigation-layout-wrap,wrap);justify-content:var(--navigation-layout-justify,initial);}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container:not(.is-menu-open.is-menu-open){background-color:inherit !important;color:inherit !important;}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open{animation:overlay-menu__fade-in-animation .1s ease-out;animation-fill-mode:forwards;background-color:inherit;display:flex;flex-direction:column;overflow:auto;padding:clamp(1rem,var(--wp--style--root--padding-top),20rem) clamp(1rem,var(--wp--style--root--padding-right),20rem) clamp(1rem,var(--wp--style--root--padding-bottom),20rem) clamp(1rem,var(--wp--style--root--padding-left),20em);z-index:100000;}@media (prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open{animation-delay:0s;animation-duration:1ms;}}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-content{align-items:var(--navigation-layout-justification-setting,inherit);display:flex;flex-direction:column;flex-wrap:nowrap;overflow:visible;padding-top:calc(2rem + 24px);}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-content,.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-content .wp-block-navigation__container,.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-content .wp-block-page-list{justify-content:flex-start;}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-content .wp-block-navigation__submenu-icon{display:none;}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-content .has-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container{border:none;height:auto;min-width:200px;opacity:1;overflow:initial;padding-left:2rem;padding-right:2rem;position:static;visibility:visible;width:auto;}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-content .wp-block-navigation__container,.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-content .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container{gap:inherit;}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-content .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container{padding-top:var(--wp--style--block-gap,2em);}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-content .wp-block-navigation-item__content{padding:0;}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-content .wp-block-navigation-item,.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-content .wp-block-navigation__container,.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-content .wp-block-page-list{align-items:var(--navigation-layout-justification-setting,initial);display:flex;flex-direction:column;}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation-item,.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation-item .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container,.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__container,.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-page-list{background:rgba(0,0,0,0) !important;color:inherit !important;}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container.wp-block-navigation__submenu-container.wp-block-navigation__submenu-container.wp-block-navigation__submenu-container{left:auto;right:auto;}@media (min-width:600px){.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container:not(.hidden-by-default):not(.is-menu-open){background-color:inherit;display:block;position:relative;width:100%;z-index:auto;}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container:not(.hidden-by-default):not(.is-menu-open) .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-close{display:none;}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container.wp-block-navigation__submenu-container.wp-block-navigation__submenu-container.wp-block-navigation__submenu-container{left:0;}}.wp-block-navigation:not(.has-background) .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open{background-color:#fff;}.wp-block-navigation:not(.has-text-color) .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open{color:#000;}.wp-block-navigation__toggle_button_label{font-size:1rem;font-weight:700;}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-close,.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-open{background:rgba(0,0,0,0);border:none;color:currentColor;cursor:pointer;margin:0;padding:0;text-transform:inherit;vertical-align:middle;}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-close svg,.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-open svg{fill:currentColor;display:block;height:24px;pointer-events:none;width:24px;}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-open{display:flex;}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-open.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-open.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-open{font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;}@media (min-width:600px){.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-open:not(.always-shown){display:none;}}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-close{position:absolute;right:0;top:0;z-index:2;}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-close.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-close.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-close{font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-close{width:100%;}.has-modal-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-close{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;max-width:var(--wp--style--global--wide-size,100%);}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-close:focus{outline:none;}.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-close,.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-content,.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-dialog{box-sizing:border-box;}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-dialog{position:relative;}.has-modal-open .admin-bar .is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-dialog{margin-top:46px;}@media (min-width:782px){.has-modal-open .admin-bar .is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-dialog{margin-top:32px;}}html.has-modal-open{overflow:hidden;}.wp-block-navigation .wp-block-navigation-item__label{overflow-wrap:break-word;}.wp-block-navigation .wp-block-navigation-item__description{display:none;}.wp-block-navigation .wp-block-page-list{align-items:var(--navigation-layout-align,initial);background-color:inherit;display:flex;flex-direction:var(--navigation-layout-direction,initial);flex-wrap:var(--navigation-layout-wrap,wrap);justify-content:var(--navigation-layout-justify,initial);}.wp-block-navigation .wp-block-navigation-item{background-color:inherit;}.is-small-text{font-size:.875em;}.is-regular-text{font-size:1em;}.is-large-text{font-size:2.25em;}.is-larger-text{font-size:3em;}.has-drop-cap:not(:focus):first-letter{float:left;font-size:8.4em;font-style:normal;font-weight:100;line-height:.68;margin:.05em .1em 0 0;text-transform:uppercase;}body.rtl .has-drop-cap:not(:focus):first-letter{float:none;margin-left:.1em;}p.has-drop-cap.has-background{overflow:hidden;}:root :where(p.has-background){padding:1.25em 2.375em;}:where(p.has-text-color:not(.has-link-color)) a{color:inherit;}.wp-block-post-author{box-sizing:border-box;display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;}.wp-block-post-author__byline{font-size:.5em;margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;width:100%;}.wp-block-post-author__avatar{margin-right:1em;}.wp-block-post-author__bio{font-size:.7em;margin-bottom:.7em;}.wp-block-post-author__content{flex-basis:0;flex-grow:1;}.wp-block-post-author__name{margin:0;}.wp-block-post-author-biography{box-sizing:border-box;}:where(.wp-block-post-comments-form) input:not([type=submit]),:where(.wp-block-post-comments-form) textarea{border:1px solid #949494;font-family:inherit;font-size:1em;}:where(.wp-block-post-comments-form) textarea{padding:calc(.667em + 2px);}.wp-block-post-comments-form{box-sizing:border-box;}.wp-block-post-comments-form[style*=font-weight] :where(.comment-reply-title){font-weight:inherit;}.wp-block-post-comments-form[style*=font-family] :where(.comment-reply-title){font-family:inherit;}.wp-block-post-comments-form[class*=-font-size] :where(.comment-reply-title),.wp-block-post-comments-form[style*=font-size] :where(.comment-reply-title){font-size:inherit;}.wp-block-post-comments-form[style*=line-height] :where(.comment-reply-title){line-height:inherit;}.wp-block-post-comments-form[style*=font-style] :where(.comment-reply-title){font-style:inherit;}.wp-block-post-comments-form[style*=letter-spacing] :where(.comment-reply-title){letter-spacing:inherit;}.wp-block-post-comments-form :where(input[type=submit]){box-shadow:none;cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;overflow-wrap:break-word;text-align:center;}.wp-block-post-comments-form .comment-form input:not([type=submit]):not([type=checkbox]):not([type=hidden]),.wp-block-post-comments-form .comment-form textarea{box-sizing:border-box;display:block;width:100%;}.wp-block-post-comments-form .comment-form-author label,.wp-block-post-comments-form .comment-form-email label,.wp-block-post-comments-form .comment-form-url label{display:block;margin-bottom:.25em;}.wp-block-post-comments-form .comment-form-cookies-consent{display:flex;gap:.25em;}.wp-block-post-comments-form .comment-form-cookies-consent #wp-comment-cookies-consent{margin-top:.35em;}.wp-block-post-comments-form .comment-reply-title{margin-bottom:0;}.wp-block-post-comments-form .comment-reply-title :where(small){font-size:var(--wp--preset--font-size--medium,smaller);margin-left:.5em;}.wp-block-post-content{display:flow-root;}.wp-block-post-date{box-sizing:border-box;}:where(.wp-block-post-excerpt){box-sizing:border-box;margin-bottom:var(--wp--style--block-gap);margin-top:var(--wp--style--block-gap);}.wp-block-post-excerpt__excerpt{margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;}.wp-block-post-excerpt__more-text{margin-bottom:0;margin-top:var(--wp--style--block-gap);}.wp-block-post-excerpt__more-link{display:inline-block;}.wp-block-post-featured-image{margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.wp-block-post-featured-image a{display:block;height:100%;}.wp-block-post-featured-image :where(img){box-sizing:border-box;height:auto;max-width:100%;vertical-align:bottom;width:100%;}.wp-block-post-featured-image.alignfull img,.wp-block-post-featured-image.alignwide img{width:100%;}.wp-block-post-featured-image .wp-block-post-featured-image__overlay.has-background-dim{background-color:#000;inset:0;position:absolute;}.wp-block-post-featured-image{position:relative;}.wp-block-post-featured-image .wp-block-post-featured-image__overlay.has-background-gradient{background-color:initial;}.wp-block-post-featured-image .wp-block-post-featured-image__overlay.has-background-dim-0{opacity:0;}.wp-block-post-featured-image .wp-block-post-featured-image__overlay.has-background-dim-10{opacity:.1;}.wp-block-post-featured-image .wp-block-post-featured-image__overlay.has-background-dim-20{opacity:.2;}.wp-block-post-featured-image .wp-block-post-featured-image__overlay.has-background-dim-30{opacity:.3;}.wp-block-post-featured-image .wp-block-post-featured-image__overlay.has-background-dim-40{opacity:.4;}.wp-block-post-featured-image .wp-block-post-featured-image__overlay.has-background-dim-50{opacity:.5;}.wp-block-post-featured-image .wp-block-post-featured-image__overlay.has-background-dim-60{opacity:.6;}.wp-block-post-featured-image .wp-block-post-featured-image__overlay.has-background-dim-70{opacity:.7;}.wp-block-post-featured-image .wp-block-post-featured-image__overlay.has-background-dim-80{opacity:.8;}.wp-block-post-featured-image .wp-block-post-featured-image__overlay.has-background-dim-90{opacity:.9;}.wp-block-post-featured-image .wp-block-post-featured-image__overlay.has-background-dim-100{opacity:1;}.wp-block-post-featured-image:where(.alignleft,.alignright){width:100%;}.wp-block-post-navigation-link .wp-block-post-navigation-link__arrow-previous{display:inline-block;margin-right:1ch;}.wp-block-post-navigation-link .wp-block-post-navigation-link__arrow-previous:not(.is-arrow-chevron){transform:scaleX(1);}.wp-block-post-navigation-link .wp-block-post-navigation-link__arrow-next{display:inline-block;margin-left:1ch;}.wp-block-post-navigation-link .wp-block-post-navigation-link__arrow-next:not(.is-arrow-chevron){transform:scaleX(1);}.wp-block-post-terms{box-sizing:border-box;}.wp-block-post-terms .wp-block-post-terms__separator{white-space:pre-wrap;}.wp-block-post-time-to-read,.wp-block-post-title{box-sizing:border-box;}.wp-block-post-title{word-break:break-word;}.wp-block-post-title :where(a){display:inline-block;font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit;font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;letter-spacing:inherit;line-height:inherit;text-decoration:inherit;}.wp-block-post-author-name{box-sizing:border-box;}.wp-block-preformatted{box-sizing:border-box;white-space:pre-wrap;}:where(.wp-block-preformatted.has-background){padding:1.25em 2.375em;}.wp-block-pullquote{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0 0 1em;overflow-wrap:break-word;padding:4em 0;text-align:center;}.wp-block-pullquote blockquote,.wp-block-pullquote cite,.wp-block-pullquote p{color:inherit;}.wp-block-pullquote blockquote{margin:0;}.wp-block-pullquote p{margin-top:0;}.wp-block-pullquote p:last-child{margin-bottom:0;}.wp-block-pullquote.alignleft,.wp-block-pullquote.alignright{max-width:420px;}.wp-block-pullquote cite,.wp-block-pullquote footer{position:relative;}.wp-block-pullquote .has-text-color a{color:inherit;}.wp-block-pullquote.has-text-align-left blockquote{text-align:left;}.wp-block-pullquote.has-text-align-right blockquote{text-align:right;}.wp-block-pullquote.is-style-solid-color{border:none;}.wp-block-pullquote.is-style-solid-color blockquote{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;max-width:60%;}.wp-block-pullquote.is-style-solid-color blockquote p{font-size:2em;margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;}.wp-block-pullquote.is-style-solid-color blockquote cite{font-style:normal;text-transform:none;}.wp-block-pullquote cite{color:inherit;}.wp-block-post-template{list-style:none;margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;max-width:100%;padding:0;}.wp-block-post-template.is-flex-container{display:flex;flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:1.25em;}.wp-block-post-template.is-flex-container>li{margin:0;width:100%;}@media (min-width:600px){.wp-block-post-template.is-flex-container.is-flex-container.columns-4>li{width:calc(25% - .9375em);}}.wp-block-post-template-is-layout-constrained>li>.alignright,.wp-block-post-template-is-layout-flow>li>.alignright{float:right;margin-inline-end:0;margin-inline-start:2em;}.wp-block-post-template-is-layout-constrained>li>.alignleft,.wp-block-post-template-is-layout-flow>li>.alignleft{float:left;margin-inline-end:2em;margin-inline-start:0;}.wp-block-query-pagination.is-content-justification-space-between>.wp-block-query-pagination-next:last-of-type{margin-inline-start:auto;}.wp-block-query-pagination.is-content-justification-space-between>.wp-block-query-pagination-previous:first-child{margin-inline-end:auto;}.wp-block-query-pagination .wp-block-query-pagination-previous-arrow{display:inline-block;margin-right:1ch;}.wp-block-query-pagination .wp-block-query-pagination-previous-arrow:not(.is-arrow-chevron){transform:scaleX(1);}.wp-block-query-pagination .wp-block-query-pagination-next-arrow{display:inline-block;margin-left:1ch;}.wp-block-query-pagination .wp-block-query-pagination-next-arrow:not(.is-arrow-chevron){transform:scaleX(1);}.wp-block-query-title,.wp-block-quote{box-sizing:border-box;}.wp-block-quote{overflow-wrap:break-word;}.wp-block-quote>cite{display:block;}.wp-block-read-more{display:block;width:-moz-fit-content;width:fit-content;}ul.wp-block-rss{list-style:none;padding:0;}ul.wp-block-rss.wp-block-rss{box-sizing:border-box;}ul.wp-block-rss.alignleft{margin-right:2em;}ul.wp-block-rss.alignright{margin-left:2em;}ul.wp-block-rss.is-grid{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;list-style:none;padding:0;}ul.wp-block-rss.is-grid li{margin:0 1em 1em 0;width:100%;}@media (min-width:600px){ul.wp-block-rss.columns-4 li{width:calc(25% - 1em);}}.wp-block-rss__item-author,.wp-block-rss__item-publish-date{display:block;font-size:.8125em;}.wp-block-search__button{margin-left:10px;word-break:normal;}.wp-block-search__button.has-icon{line-height:0;}.wp-block-search__button svg{height:1.25em;min-height:24px;min-width:24px;width:1.25em;fill:currentColor;vertical-align:text-bottom;}:where(.wp-block-search__button){border:1px solid #ccc;padding:6px 10px;}.wp-block-search__inside-wrapper{display:flex;flex:auto;flex-wrap:nowrap;max-width:100%;}.wp-block-search__label{width:100%;}.wp-block-search__input{appearance:none;border:1px solid #949494;flex-grow:1;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;min-width:3rem;padding:8px;text-decoration:unset !important;}.wp-block-search.wp-block-search__button-only .wp-block-search__button{flex-shrink:0;margin-left:0;max-width:100%;}.wp-block-search.wp-block-search__button-only .wp-block-search__button[aria-expanded=true]{max-width:calc(100% - 100px);}.wp-block-search.wp-block-search__button-only .wp-block-search__inside-wrapper{min-width:0 !important;transition-property:width;}.wp-block-search.wp-block-search__button-only .wp-block-search__input{flex-basis:100%;transition-duration:.3s;}.wp-block-search.wp-block-search__button-only.wp-block-search__searchfield-hidden,.wp-block-search.wp-block-search__button-only.wp-block-search__searchfield-hidden .wp-block-search__inside-wrapper{overflow:hidden;}.wp-block-search.wp-block-search__button-only.wp-block-search__searchfield-hidden .wp-block-search__input{border-left-width:0 !important;border-right-width:0 !important;flex-basis:0;flex-grow:0;margin:0;min-width:0 !important;padding-left:0 !important;padding-right:0 !important;width:0 !important;}:where(.wp-block-search__input){font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit;font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;letter-spacing:inherit;line-height:inherit;text-transform:inherit;}:where(.wp-block-search__button-inside .wp-block-search__inside-wrapper){border:1px solid #949494;box-sizing:border-box;padding:4px;}:where(.wp-block-search__button-inside .wp-block-search__inside-wrapper) .wp-block-search__input{border:none;border-radius:0;padding:0 4px;}:where(.wp-block-search__button-inside .wp-block-search__inside-wrapper) .wp-block-search__input:focus{outline:none;}.wp-block-separator{border:none;border-top:2px solid;}:root :where(.wp-block-separator.is-style-dots){height:auto;line-height:1;text-align:center;}:root :where(.wp-block-separator.is-style-dots):before{color:currentColor;content:"···";font-family:serif;font-size:1.5em;letter-spacing:2em;padding-left:2em;}.wp-block-separator.is-style-dots{background:none !important;border:none !important;}.wp-block-site-logo{box-sizing:border-box;line-height:0;}.wp-block-site-logo a{display:inline-block;line-height:0;}.wp-block-site-logo.is-default-size img{height:auto;width:120px;}.wp-block-site-logo img{height:auto;max-width:100%;}.wp-block-site-logo a,.wp-block-site-logo img{border-radius:inherit;}:root :where(.wp-block-site-logo.is-style-rounded){border-radius:9999px;}.wp-block-site-tagline,.wp-block-site-title{box-sizing:border-box;}.wp-block-site-title :where(a){color:inherit;font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit;font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;letter-spacing:inherit;line-height:inherit;text-decoration:inherit;}.wp-block-social-links{background:none;box-sizing:border-box;margin-left:0;padding-left:0;padding-right:0;text-indent:0;}.wp-block-social-links .wp-social-link a,.wp-block-social-links .wp-social-link a:hover{border-bottom:0;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;}.wp-block-social-links .wp-social-link svg{height:1em;width:1em;}.wp-block-social-links .wp-social-link span:not(.screen-reader-text){font-size:.65em;margin-left:.5em;margin-right:.5em;}.wp-block-social-links.has-small-icon-size{font-size:16px;}.wp-block-social-links,.wp-block-social-links.has-normal-icon-size{font-size:24px;}.wp-block-social-links.has-large-icon-size{font-size:36px;}.wp-block-social-links.has-huge-icon-size{font-size:48px;}.wp-block-social-links.alignright{justify-content:flex-end;}.wp-block-social-link{border-radius:9999px;display:block;height:auto;transition:transform .1s ease;}@media (prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){.wp-block-social-link{transition-delay:0s;transition-duration:0s;}}.wp-block-social-link a{align-items:center;display:flex;line-height:0;transition:transform .1s ease;}.wp-block-social-link:hover{transform:scale(1.1);}.wp-block-social-links .wp-block-social-link.wp-social-link{display:inline-block;margin:0;padding:0;}.wp-block-social-links .wp-block-social-link.wp-social-link .wp-block-social-link-anchor,.wp-block-social-links .wp-block-social-link.wp-social-link .wp-block-social-link-anchor svg,.wp-block-social-links .wp-block-social-link.wp-social-link .wp-block-social-link-anchor:active,.wp-block-social-links .wp-block-social-link.wp-social-link .wp-block-social-link-anchor:hover,.wp-block-social-links .wp-block-social-link.wp-social-link .wp-block-social-link-anchor:visited{color:currentColor;fill:currentColor;}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link{background-color:#f0f0f0;color:#444;}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-amazon{background-color:#f90;color:#fff;}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-bandcamp{background-color:#1ea0c3;color:#fff;}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-behance{background-color:#0757fe;color:#fff;}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-bluesky{background-color:#0a7aff;color:#fff;}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-codepen{background-color:#1e1f26;color:#fff;}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-deviantart{background-color:#02e49b;color:#fff;}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-dribbble{background-color:#e94c89;color:#fff;}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-dropbox{background-color:#4280ff;color:#fff;}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-etsy{background-color:#f45800;color:#fff;}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-facebook{background-color:#0866ff;color:#fff;}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-fivehundredpx{background-color:#000;color:#fff;}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-flickr{background-color:#0461dd;color:#fff;}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-foursquare{background-color:#e65678;color:#fff;}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-github{background-color:#24292d;color:#fff;}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-goodreads{background-color:#eceadd;color:#382110;}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-google{background-color:#ea4434;color:#fff;}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-gravatar{background-color:#1d4fc4;color:#fff;}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-instagram{background-color:#f00075;color:#fff;}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-lastfm{background-color:#e21b24;color:#fff;}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-linkedin{background-color:#0d66c2;color:#fff;}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-mastodon{background-color:#3288d4;color:#fff;}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-medium{background-color:#000;color:#fff;}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-meetup{background-color:#f6405f;color:#fff;}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-patreon{background-color:#000;color:#fff;}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-pinterest{background-color:#e60122;color:#fff;}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-pocket{background-color:#ef4155;color:#fff;}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-reddit{background-color:#ff4500;color:#fff;}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-skype{background-color:#0478d7;color:#fff;}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-snapchat{background-color:#fefc00;color:#fff;stroke:#000;}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-soundcloud{background-color:#ff5600;color:#fff;}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-spotify{background-color:#1bd760;color:#fff;}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-telegram{background-color:#2aabee;color:#fff;}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-threads{background-color:#000;color:#fff;}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-tiktok{background-color:#000;color:#fff;}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-tumblr{background-color:#011835;color:#fff;}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-twitch{background-color:#6440a4;color:#fff;}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-twitter{background-color:#1da1f2;color:#fff;}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-vimeo{background-color:#1eb7ea;color:#fff;}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-vk{background-color:#4680c2;color:#fff;}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-wordpress{background-color:#3499cd;color:#fff;}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-whatsapp{background-color:#25d366;color:#fff;}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-x{background-color:#000;color:#fff;}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-yelp{background-color:#d32422;color:#fff;}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-youtube{background-color:red;color:#fff;}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link{background:none;}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link svg{height:1.25em;width:1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-amazon{color:#f90;}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-bandcamp{color:#1ea0c3;}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-behance{color:#0757fe;}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-bluesky{color:#0a7aff;}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-codepen{color:#1e1f26;}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-deviantart{color:#02e49b;}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-dribbble{color:#e94c89;}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-dropbox{color:#4280ff;}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-etsy{color:#f45800;}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-facebook{color:#0866ff;}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-fivehundredpx{color:#000;}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-flickr{color:#0461dd;}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-foursquare{color:#e65678;}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-github{color:#24292d;}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-goodreads{color:#382110;}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-google{color:#ea4434;}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-gravatar{color:#1d4fc4;}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-instagram{color:#f00075;}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-lastfm{color:#e21b24;}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-linkedin{color:#0d66c2;}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-mastodon{color:#3288d4;}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-medium{color:#000;}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-meetup{color:#f6405f;}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-patreon{color:#000;}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-pinterest{color:#e60122;}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-pocket{color:#ef4155;}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-reddit{color:#ff4500;}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-skype{color:#0478d7;}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-snapchat{color:#fff;stroke:#000;}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-soundcloud{color:#ff5600;}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-spotify{color:#1bd760;}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-telegram{color:#2aabee;}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-threads{color:#000;}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-tiktok{color:#000;}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-tumblr{color:#011835;}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-twitch{color:#6440a4;}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-twitter{color:#1da1f2;}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-vimeo{color:#1eb7ea;}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-vk{color:#4680c2;}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-whatsapp{color:#25d366;}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-wordpress{color:#3499cd;}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-x{color:#000;}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-yelp{color:#d32422;}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-youtube{color:red;}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-pill-shape .wp-social-link{width:auto;}:root :where(.wp-block-social-links .wp-social-link a){padding:.25em;}:root :where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link a){padding:0;}:root :where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-pill-shape .wp-social-link a){padding-left:.66667em;padding-right:.66667em;}.wp-block-social-links:not(.has-icon-color):not(.has-icon-background-color) .wp-social-link-snapchat .wp-block-social-link-label{color:#000;}.wp-block-spacer{clear:both;}.wp-block-tag-cloud{box-sizing:border-box;}.wp-block-tag-cloud.alignfull{padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em;}.wp-block-tag-cloud a{display:inline-block;margin-right:5px;}.wp-block-tag-cloud span{display:inline-block;margin-left:5px;text-decoration:none;}:root :where(.wp-block-tag-cloud.is-style-outline){display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:1ch;}:root :where(.wp-block-tag-cloud.is-style-outline a){border:1px solid;font-size:unset !important;margin-right:0;padding:1ch 2ch;text-decoration:none !important;}.wp-block-table{overflow-x:auto;}.wp-block-table table{border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;}.wp-block-table thead{border-bottom:3px solid;}.wp-block-table tfoot{border-top:3px solid;}.wp-block-table td,.wp-block-table th{border:1px solid;padding:.5em;}.wp-block-table .has-fixed-layout{table-layout:fixed;width:100%;}.wp-block-table .has-fixed-layout td,.wp-block-table .has-fixed-layout th{word-break:break-word;}.wp-block-table.alignleft,.wp-block-table.alignright{display:table;width:auto;}.wp-block-table.alignleft td,.wp-block-table.alignleft th,.wp-block-table.alignright td,.wp-block-table.alignright th{word-break:break-word;}.wp-block-table .has-subtle-light-gray-background-color{background-color:#f3f4f5;}.wp-block-table .has-subtle-pale-green-background-color{background-color:#e9fbe5;}.wp-block-table .has-subtle-pale-blue-background-color{background-color:#e7f5fe;}.wp-block-table .has-subtle-pale-pink-background-color{background-color:#fcf0ef;}.wp-block-table.is-style-stripes{background-color:initial;border-bottom:1px solid #f0f0f0;border-collapse:inherit;border-spacing:0;}.wp-block-table.is-style-stripes tbody tr:nth-child(odd){background-color:#f0f0f0;}.wp-block-table.is-style-stripes.has-subtle-light-gray-background-color tbody tr:nth-child(odd){background-color:#f3f4f5;}.wp-block-table.is-style-stripes.has-subtle-pale-green-background-color tbody tr:nth-child(odd){background-color:#e9fbe5;}.wp-block-table.is-style-stripes.has-subtle-pale-blue-background-color tbody tr:nth-child(odd){background-color:#e7f5fe;}.wp-block-table.is-style-stripes.has-subtle-pale-pink-background-color tbody tr:nth-child(odd){background-color:#fcf0ef;}.wp-block-table.is-style-stripes td,.wp-block-table.is-style-stripes th{border-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);}.wp-block-table .has-border-color td,.wp-block-table .has-border-color th,.wp-block-table .has-border-color tr,.wp-block-table .has-border-color>*{border-color:inherit;}.wp-block-table table[style*=border-style] td,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-style] th,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-style] tr,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-style]>*{border-style:inherit;}.wp-block-table table[style*=border-width] td,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-width] th,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-width] tr,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-width]>*{border-style:inherit;border-width:inherit;}:root :where(.wp-block-table-of-contents){box-sizing:border-box;}:where(.wp-block-term-description){box-sizing:border-box;margin-bottom:var(--wp--style--block-gap);margin-top:var(--wp--style--block-gap);}.wp-block-term-description p{margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;}.wp-block-text-columns{display:flex;}.wp-block-text-columns .wp-block-column{margin:0 1em;padding:0;}.wp-block-text-columns .wp-block-column:first-child{margin-left:0;}.wp-block-text-columns .wp-block-column:last-child{margin-right:0;}.wp-block-text-columns.columns-4 .wp-block-column{width:25%;}pre.wp-block-verse{overflow:auto;white-space:pre-wrap;}:where(pre.wp-block-verse){font-family:inherit;}.wp-block-video{box-sizing:border-box;}.wp-block-video video{vertical-align:middle;width:100%;}@supports (position:sticky){.wp-block-video [poster]{object-fit:cover;}}.wp-block-video :where(figcaption){margin-bottom:1em;margin-top:.5em;}.editor-styles-wrapper{counter-reset:footnotes;}.wp-element-button{cursor:pointer;}:root .has-very-light-gray-background-color{background-color:#eee;}:root .has-very-dark-gray-background-color{background-color:#313131;}:root .has-very-light-gray-color{color:#eee;}:root .has-very-dark-gray-color{color:#313131;}:root .has-vivid-green-cyan-to-vivid-cyan-blue-gradient-background{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#00d084,#0693e3);}:root .has-purple-crush-gradient-background{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#34e2e4,#4721fb 50%,#ab1dfe);}:root .has-hazy-dawn-gradient-background{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#faaca8,#dad0ec);}:root .has-subdued-olive-gradient-background{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#fafae1,#67a671);}:root .has-atomic-cream-gradient-background{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#fdd79a,#004a59);}:root .has-nightshade-gradient-background{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#330968,#31cdcf);}:root .has-midnight-gradient-background{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#020381,#2874fc);}.has-regular-font-size{font-size:1em;}.has-larger-font-size{font-size:2.625em;}.has-normal-font-size{font-size:var(--wp--preset--font-size--normal);}.has-huge-font-size{font-size:var(--wp--preset--font-size--huge);}.has-text-align-center{text-align:center;}.has-text-align-left{text-align:left;}.has-text-align-right{text-align:right;}.screen-reader-text:focus{background-color:#ddd;clip:auto !important;clip-path:none;color:#444;display:block;font-size:1em;height:auto;left:5px;line-height:normal;padding:15px 23px 14px;text-decoration:none;top:5px;width:auto;z-index:100000;}html :where(.has-border-color){border-style:solid;}html :where([style*=border-width]){border-style:solid;}html :where(.is-position-sticky){--wp-admin--admin-bar--position-offset:var(--wp-admin--admin-bar--height,0px);}
特许学校(Charter School)是一种独特的教育模式,它们既是公立学校,又有自己的特色。简单来说,特许学校是由政府出资,但由独立机构运营的学校。它们有更多的自主权,可以自行决定课程设置、教学方法和日常运营,但和普通公立学校一样不收学费、对所有学生开放。这一点让很多家长感到兴奋,因为孩子可以享受到更个性化的教育,而不用支付昂贵的私校学费。
相比传统公立学校,特许学校最大的不同在于灵活性和问责制。特许学校可以根据学生需求灵活调整教学,而不用受制于教育局的统一要求。但与此同时,特许学校也面临更严格的考核。如果学生表现不佳,学校可能会被关闭。 而相比私立学校,特许学校的最大优势是不收费。私立学校往往学费高昂,而且可以自主决定录取哪些学生。特许学校则必须通过公平的方式,比如抽签,来决定谁能入学。 洛杉矶的一所特许高中 特许学校的资金模式 特许学校的主要资金来源是政府,包括:州政府拨款(根据学生人数分配)、联邦政府拨款(主要用于特殊教育服务)、以及地方政府拨款(部分州允许地方政府向特许学校拨款)。通常,特许学校的资金分配是基于学生人数的,每招收一名学生,学校就能获得相应的资金。
特许学校获得的公共资金,通常低于传统公立学校。平均而言,特许学校获得的人均资金约为传统公立学校的 70%。一项研究发现,在 30 个州和华盛顿特区,特许学校每名学生获得的资金比传统公立学校少 3,814 美元,差距达 28%。
造成这种差距的主要原因包括:
许多州不为特许学校提供校舍资金 地方政府资金倾向于传统公立学校 特许学校通常不获得交通补贴 为了弥补资金缺口,特许学校还会寻求其他资金来源,包括私人捐赠、联邦政府补助金、慈善机构捐赠等。
特许学校的录取 特许学校奉行开放入学政策,并且不像公立学校那样按学区划分 —— 这意味着不论你家住在哪里,不管你的孩子成绩如何,都有机会申请入学。这个政策让很多家庭看到了希望,尤其是那些住在学区不太好的地方的家庭。但是,好学校总是供不应求的。当申请的学生超过学校能容纳的数量时,特许学校就会采用抽签系统。
一些特许学校会有特定的关注点或目标人群。比如,有些学校可能专注于科技教育,吸引那些对编程或机器人感兴趣的学生。还有些学校可能专门为学习英语的学生设计课程。甚至有些学校会优先考虑来自低收入家庭的学生,以此来促进教育公平。不过,即使学校有特定的关注点,它们仍然必须通过公平的抽签来决定谁能入学 —— 即使你的孩子特别符合学校的特色,也不能保证一定能入学。
特许学校的历史与发展 特许学校的概念最早可以追溯到 1974 年,当时马萨诸塞州的教育家雷·巴德提出了「特许教育」的想法。但真正的突破发生在 1991 年,明尼苏达州通过了美国第一部特许学校法。1992 年,圣保罗市的 City Academy 成为美国第一所特许学校。它的开办标志着一个新时代的开始。从那时起,特许学校的数量开始稳步增长。
1994 年 :联邦政府开始支持特许学校,为它们提供资金。 2001 年 :《不让一个孩子掉队法案》进一步推动了特许学校的发展。 2009 年 :奥巴马政府的「力争上游」计划为特许学校提供了更多支持。 2015 年 :特许学校学生人数突破 300 万。 截至 2024 年,美国已有约 7,800 所特许学校,服务超过 370 万名学生。这个数字可能看起来不大,但它代表了全美公立学校学生的近 7%。而且,这个比例还在不断增长。
特许学校的问责制和表现 特许学校的一个独特之处在于它们的问责制。每所特许学校都必须与其授权机构签订合同,详细说明学校的目标和期望。这不是一张空头支票 —— 如果学校表现不佳,它可能会被关闭。授权机构在这个过程中扮演着关键角色。它们不仅负责批准新的特许学校,还要定期评估现有学校的表现。如果一所学校未能达到合同中规定的目标,授权机构可以选择不续约或甚至关闭学校。
那么,特许学校的表现如何呢?研究结果喜忧参半。一些研究发现,特许学校的学生在标准化测试中的表现略优于传统公立学校的学生。其他研究则显示,两者之间没有显著差异。不过,特许学校在服务某些特定群体方面表现出色,比如城市低收入学生和少数族裔学生。在这些群体中,特许学校学生的学习成果往往优于传统公立学校的学生。
特许学校的争议 很多人担心特许学校会「抢走」传统公立学校的资金。支持者认为这是「资金跟着学生走」,很公平。但批评者指出:
传统公立学校的固定开支(如校舍维护)并不会因为学生减少而降低 特许学校往往吸引了更容易教育的学生,留下更多需要额外资源的学生在公立学校 一些地区出现了公立学校关闭、教师失业的情况 特许学校可以由非营利组织或营利性公司管理,这也引发了激烈争论。支持营利性管理的人认为,引入市场竞争可以提高效率,营利性公司有更多资源进行创新。反对者则认为,教育不应该成为赚钱的工具,而营利性机构可能会为了利润而牺牲教育质量。
此外,有研究表明,特许学校可能会加剧学校的种族隔离。一方面,一些特许学校针对特定族裔群体;另一方面,入学程序和信息获取的不平等,可能使某些群体处于劣势。
对教育政策的影响 特许学校的出现促使政策制定者重新思考教育体系的结构:
问责制 : 特许学校的严格问责模式影响了传统公立学校的评估方式。许多州开始对所有公立学校采用更严格的表现标准。 自主权 : 特许学校享有的自主权引发了关于给予传统公立学校更多自主权的讨论。一些地区开始尝试给予公立学校更多在课程和管理方面的灵活性。 教师政策 : 特许学校对教师评估和薪酬的创新做法,推动了整个教育系统在这方面的改革。 教学和学校管理的创新 特许学校成为了教育创新的试验场:
个性化学习 : 许多特许学校率先采用了个性化学习方法,如混合学习模式,这些做法逐渐被更多学校采纳。 延长学习时间 : 一些特许学校延长了上课时间或学年,这种做法也影响了一些传统公立学校。 数据驱动决策 : 特许学校广泛使用数据来指导教学和管理决策,这种做法正在整个教育系统中推广。 新型学校文化 : 一些特许学校创造了独特的学校文化,强调高期望和严格纪律,这种做法也影响了其他学校。 此外,特许学校是学校选择运动的重要组成部分:
扩大选择 : 特许学校为家长和学生提供了更多的教育选择,尤其是在城市地区。 促进竞争 : 特许学校的存在创造了一种竞争环境,促使所有学校努力提高质量。 针对特定需求 : 一些特许学校专注于特定群体(如艺术天才或学习困难学生),填补了教育市场的空白。 推动更广泛的选择政策 : 特许学校的成功推动了其他形式的学校选择政策,如学区间选择和教育券计划。 生于湖南,求学于北京,先后在广东、北京、DC 工作。一代移民,生活在美东小镇。
Disclosure: We are an Amazon Associate. Some links on this website are affiliate links, which means we may earn a commission or receive a referral fee when you sign up or make a purchase through those links.
相关文章 Like this: Like Loading...
Discover more from 美国攻略 Subscribe to get the latest posts sent to your email.