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是不是看 YouTube,刷剧一直遇到缓冲卡顿?是不是打游戏老是被队友骂 「拖后腿」,延迟高,老是断线?是不是家中总有几个地方是盲区,上个厕所都没办法好好刷手机?是的,你可以考虑升级家里的 WiFi 无线网络了,选择一款优秀的无线路由器,提升全家人的网络体验。宽带服务商的选择请参见:《2024 年美国最佳互联网宽带服务提供商 》。
基本知识 Wi-Fi 协议 Wi-Fi 协议发布至今已经第 6 代了。在第六代,也就是 Wi-Fi 6 发布前,之前的网络协议都是以 802.11n,802.11ac 等来命名,另很多普通消费者不知所云,Wi-Fi 6 发布会,统一将之前名字以数字来命名。现在主流的无线路由器一般都是 Wi-Fi 5(AC 协议),或者最新 Wi-Fi 6(AX 协议)
协议 频道 发布 理论速度 真实速度 802.11a 5Ghz 1999 6-54 Mbps 3-32 Mbps 802.11b 2.4Ghz 1999 11 Mbps 2-3 Mbps 802.11g 2.4Ghz 2003 54 Mbps 10-29 Mbps 802.11n (Wi-Fi 4) 2.4Ghz 5Ghz 2009 2.4Ghz: 300 Mbps 5Ghz: 900 Mbps 2.4Ghz: 150 Mbps 5Ghz: 450 Mbps 802.11ac (Wi-Fi 5) 5Ghz 2013 433 Mbps-1.7 Gbps 210 Mbps-1 Gbps 802.11ax (Wi-Fi 6) 2.4Ghz 5Ghz 2018 9.6 Gbps 2 Gbps
2.4GHz/5GHz 主流无线路由器提供两个工作频段,2.4GHz 和 5GHz,很多人会把 5GHz 称为 5G Wi-Fi,但是这种称呼容易和移动设备的 5G 网络(5th Generation mobile networks,第五代移动网络)搞混。2.4GHz 和 5GHz 有各自的优缺点。
2.4 GHz 传输范围广 容易穿透障碍物 数据传输速度低 使用此频段的产品多,容易受干扰5 GHz 传输速度快 不易受干扰 覆盖范围小 无法有效穿透障碍物
2.4Ghz 只有 3 个信道,而 5GHz 提供了 22 个信道,所以 5GHz 的传输速度更快,并且像微波炉、大多数的蓝牙设备(耳机、键盘、鼠标等)、无绳电话等都使用的是 2.4GHz 的无线频段,会产生相互干扰。Wi-Fi 也是一种电磁波。无线电波的特点是频率越低、波长越长,传播中损失越小、传播覆盖范围就越广,容易绕过障碍物(家中的墙壁)。反之,频率越高,传播范围就越小,「穿墙」 就差。所以频率高、波长短的 5GHz 信号,覆盖范围,穿过障碍物能力比不上 2.4GHz。
附加功能 USB 3.0 :允许用户接入移动硬盘,成为简易 NAS,作为个人云盘,方便用户随时随地访问硬盘中文件。 USB 2.0 : 有些无线路由器支持连接旧款,无法连接网络的打印机,方便从接入这个网络下的设备,无线打印文件。 Alexa :用户可以使用 Amazon Echo 操作无线路由器。 IFTTT 功能 :If this、then that 网络服务,允许用户设定触发条件,比如定时开关闭无线网络等。 VPN Client/Server :通过在 「VPN 服务器」 下设置的账号,用户可以在外面,也能通过此账号,连接回家中的网络;「VPN Client」,适用于那些家中无法单独设置 VPN 的设备,在无线路由器上面统一设置,连接入此无线网络的设备会通过 VPN 接入指定网络。 QoS :Quality of Service,自动分配每个设备所需的带宽,尽量满足同一时间,同一个网络下,各种网络服务的使用。 Time Machine 时间机器 :连接在此无线路由器下面的 MacBook,通过此功能,将 macOS 备份到连接在此无线路由器下的移动硬盘中。 Wi-Fi 5 无线路由器 区别于本文之后会介绍的 Mesh 无线路由器,目前市场上大部分是传统的无线路由器,造型各异,有像很多天线的,有些是内置天线的,价位高低不等。我们会将 Wi-Fi 5 和 Wi-Fi 6 的无线路由器,分品牌介绍。固件、功能,同一个品牌之间没有太大区别,分开只是方便查询。
现在完全支持 Wi-Fi 6 的设备还不是很多,并且 Wi-Fi 6 的无线路由器价格比 Wi-Fi 5 的贵上一档,花相同的钱,可以买到中高端的 Wi-Fi 5 路由器,但如果选择 Wi-Fi 6,可能只能选入门款了。很多科技网站做个测试,其实很多时候,Wi-Fi 6 的速度和 Wi-Fi 5 路由器差不多。不过当支持 Wi-Fi 6 的设备普及后,选择 Wi-Fi 6 的路由器可以获得更稳定的网络传输。
ASUS 华硕 华硕的无线路由器凭借其优秀的硬件和其背后出色的固件,长期霸占销售榜前几名。其使用的 ASUSWRT 固件,UI 漂亮、功能多,再不行,高阶玩家还可以刷基于 ASUSWRT 二次开发的 Merlin 梅林固件,国内还有大神开发了更适合国内网络环境的固件 ,「解锁」 更多功能,装个飞机场、X 雷离线下载、全局屏蔽广告等等。
N/A on Amazon 华硕 AC1200 WiFi 游戏路由器 (RT-ACRH12) – 双频千兆位无线路由器、4 GB 端口、USB 端口、游戏和流媒体、轻松设置、家长控制、MU-MIMO
$95.79 on Amazon 华硕 AC2900 WiFi 游戏路由器 (RT-AC86U) – 双频千兆无线互联网路由器、WTFast 游戏加速器、流媒体、兼容 AiMesh、终身互联网安全、自适应 QoS
$206.80 on Amazon 华硕 ROG Rapture WiFi 游戏路由器 (GT-AC2900) – 双频千兆位无线互联网路由器、NVIDIA GeForce NOW、AURA RGB、游戏和流媒体、AiMesh 兼容、终身互联网安全
$109.90 on Amazon 华硕 WiFi 游戏路由器 (RT-AC5300) – 三频千兆位无线互联网路由器、游戏和流媒体、兼容 AiMesh、终身互联网安全、自适应 QoS、家长控制、MU-MIMO
除了普通华硕的路由器,旗下专业电竞品牌 「信仰之眼」 ROG (Republic of Gamers) 也推出电竞版无线路由器 ,在玩游戏的时候保证游戏的低延迟和网络稳定。
Netgear 美国网件 美国网件在无线路由器上与华硕旗鼓相当,很多人 「嫌弃」 其固件不够美观,在这 「颜值即正义」 的时代,因为价格上比华硕便宜一点,很多高端玩家会选择购买 Netgear 后,直接刷梅林固件。我家里一台 R6300V2,从 2013 年用到现在,没有任何问题,当时价格 $130,现在 Amazon 上面,此型号的二手机价格依旧要 70 多刀,保值率很高。
$53.99 on Amazon NETGEAR 夜鹰智能无线路由器,R6700 – AC1750 无线速度高达 1750 Mbps | 高达 1500 平方英尺覆盖范围和 25 台设备 | 4 个 1G 以太网端口和 1 个 3.0 USB 端口 | Armor 安全功能
$85.00 on Amazon NETGEAR 夜鹰 X6S 智能无线路由器(R8000P)- AC4000 三频段无线速度(高达 4000 Mbps)| 高达 3500 平方英尺覆盖范围和 55 台设备 | 4 个 1G 以太网端口和 2 个 USB 端口
TP-Link 普连 网络硬件上的老品牌,价位与 Netgear 相当。近几年,TP-Link 在智能家居上发力,推出了很多智能插座、电灯等等。
$44.99 on Amazon TP-Link AC1750 智能无线路由器(Archer A7)- 双频千兆无线家用互联网路由器,兼容 Alexa,VPN 服务器,家长控制,QoS 功能
N/A on Amazon TP-Link AC2300 无线 WiFi 路由器 | 强大的 1.8GHz 双核 64 位 CPU | RangeBoost 技术 | Wave 2 MU-MIMO(Archer A2300)
Linksys 领势 它曾推出经典的 Linksys WRT54GL,当年 Linksys 公开了其源代码,这台路由器在刷机界、开源社区风靡一时,经过大神们开发,衍生出各类第三方固件,大浪淘沙,最后留下了现在最有名的开源固件,DD-WRT、Open-WRT 和 Tomato,国内像小米、华为所说的智能路由器,其固件都是这三种开源固件的二次开发,类似国内各种的安卓系统。
$102.56 on Amazon Linksys 开源 WiFi Wireless-G 宽带路由器,速度高达(AC1200)1.2Gbps – WRT54GL
$79.00 on Amazon Linksys EA7300 Max-Stream:AC1750 双频 Wi-Fi 路由器,千兆以太网端口,1,500 平方英尺覆盖范围,支持 10 台设备,MU-MIMO 技术
$129.00 on Amazon Linksys WRT3200ACM:AC3200 双频千兆 Wi-Fi 路由器,波束成形三流无线信号,以太网端口,MU-MIMO 技术
$31.99 on Amazon Linksys Mesh Wifi 5 路由器,三频段,2,000 平方英尺覆盖范围,支持访客 WiFi,家长控制,20+ 设备,速度高达(AC2200)2.2Gbps – MR8300
EA 系列主打广大普通消费者,高性价比 WRT 系列继承了前辈的优良品格,主打开源,可玩性高。 MR 系列,即可单独使用,也可以作为主节点与后文会介绍的 Velop 组成 Mesh 网络。 Wi-Fi 6 无线路由器 这是最新的 Wi-Fi 协议,越来越多的手机、电脑等设备开始支持,那对比上一代 Wi-Fi 5 到底好在哪里?
真正意义上的支持 「MU-MIMO」,其代表 「多用户、多输入、多输出」,允许路由器同时与多个设备进行上传、下载的传输。Wi-Fi 5 路由器最多只能做到多设备同时请求下载,并且 Wi-Fi 5 路由器只允许一次与 4 个设备同时传输,而 Wi-Fi 6 路由器可以允许 8 个设备同时进行上传、下载请求。
Wi-Fi 6 路由器支持 160MHz 信道带宽,数据传输带宽更大,使得 Wi-Fi 6 最高理论速率可以达到 9.6Gbps,远超上一代 Wi-Fi 5。
ASUS 首批发布 Wi-Fi 6 无线路由器的厂商之一,从入门到高阶,使用的芯片不同,网口数量,像高阶的 AX88U,提供了 8 个千兆网口,唯一可惜的是其接入网络的 WAN 口只是千兆,不过在次旗舰 RT-AX86U 上,却提供了一个千兆 WAN 口和一个 2.5G 的 WAN/LAN 自适应口接入,4 个千兆 LAN 口,其中两个可以聚合输出,连接 NAS 设备,保证最大 2000M 的网络传输。
$109.99 on Amazon ASUS RT-AX3000 双频 WiFi 6 可扩展路由器,免订阅网络安全,Instant Guard,高级家长控制,内置 VPN,兼容 AiMesh,适用于游戏和流媒体,智能家居,USB 功能
$224.67 on Amazon ASUS AX6000 WiFi 6 游戏路由器(RT-AX88U)- 双频千兆无线路由器,8 个以太网端口,适用于游戏和流媒体,兼容 AiMesh,包含终身互联网安全,自适应 QoS,MU-MIMO 技术
Netgear 入门款选用的英特尔芯片,只有 2X2 MU-MIMO,中高阶使用的是博通,高通芯片。在旗舰款上,配备了 2.5G 的 WAN/LAN 自适应口,支持多口串联连接。Netgear 也提供智能手机 app,方便用户在手机上操作控制路由器。
$144.90 on Amazon NETGEAR 夜鹰 4-Stream AX4 Wi-Fi 6 路由器(RAX40)- AX3000 无线速度(高达 3 Gbps)| 1,500 平方英尺覆盖范围
$299.97 on Amazon NETGEAR 夜鹰 WiFi 6 路由器(RAX200)12 流量千兆路由器 AX11000 三频段无线速度(高达 10.8 Gbps)覆盖范围高达 2500 平方英尺,支持 50 台设备
TP-Link TP-Link 发布了入门款 Wi-Fi 6 路由器直接将价格拉低到普通消费者可以接受到价位,并且功能并不少,入门款使用到是 Intel 芯片,作为无线路由器芯片的新进 「玩家」(通过收购 Lantiq 厂商,加入战场),性能不如博通,高通芯片。
$58.99 on Amazon TP-Link 智能 WiFi 6 路由器(Archer AX10)- 802.11ax 路由器,4 个千兆以太网端口,双频段 AX 路由器,波束成形,OFDMA,MU-MIMO,家长控制,兼容 Alexa
N/A on Amazon TP-Link AC5400 三频段 WiFi 游戏路由器(Archer C5400X)- MU-MIMO 无线路由器,1.8GHz 四核 64 位 CPU,游戏优先级,链路聚合,16GB 存储,空时公平性
Mesh 网状分布式路由器 传统路由器 vs Mesh 路由器, 图片来源网络 在 Mesh 路由器普及前,消费者会选择购买电力猫,Wi-Fi 拓展器等连接一个主无线路由器来扩展 Wi-Fi 的覆盖面积,来满足 2-3 层房屋的网络覆盖。不过这带来的问题是用户在不同楼层需要手动切换信号最好的 Wi-Fi。
到了 Mesh 路由器系统,整套系统分享同一个 Wi-Fi 名字 SSID,随着用户带着网络设备移动,会智能切换,连接到信号最好,最近的一个节点路由器上面。一般是 Mesh 路由由一台主路由和多个节点路由器组成,大部分为 1+2 模式,如果需要覆盖更大区域,只要再额外购买节点路由器,一般节点路由器的价格会比一台全功能路由器便宜,使得消费者可以以低价格添加更多的节点。
建议消费者如果预算允许的情况下,尽量购买支持 Wi-Fi 6 的 Mesh 路由器。一次投资,保证未来几年不落伍。
Amazon eero 2019 年 Amazon 宣布收购 eero 这家 Mesh 无线路由器生产厂商,想在智能家具领域更近一步,与 Google 一较高下。不过,至少现在来看,Amazon 还没有将 erro 打造成另一款类似 Echo 一样的爆款,并没有在 Mesh 路由器上领先其他竞争者。
除此之外,Amazon 早已经收购了无线摄像头公司 Blink、智能门铃 Ring,收购 eero 也算补齐智能家居在网络上的短板,配合智能语音助手 Alexa,现在在智能家具领域与 Google、Apple 三分天下,未来是否能完成「大一统」?
$224.99 on Amazon Amazon eero 6+ 网状 Wi-Fi 系统 | 快速可靠的千兆速度 | 连接 75+ 设备 | 覆盖面积高达 4,500 平方英尺 | 3 台套装,2022 年发布
除了无线路由器硬件产品,eero 推出了保护网络的订阅服务 eero Secure,分为两个套餐,普通的为每个月 $2.99、年付 $29.99,提供防止钓鱼网站、儿童保护、广告屏蔽、保护旗下设备免遭网络攻击等,而高一级套餐 eero Secure+ 为每个月 $9.99、年付为 $99,除了普通套餐提供的功能外,还额外附送 1password 密码管理、encrypt.me VPN 服务与 Malwarebytes 杀毒软件的服务。
延伸阅读:《2024 最好的 VPN 服务推荐:安全上网必备神器! 》。
ASUS/Aimesh 华硕除了推出了与其他厂商一样的 Mesh 路由器外,更研发了 「黑科技」——Aimesh ,用户可以将 2 个支持 Aimesh 的全功能无线路由器组成一套 Mesh 网状网络,其优点是可以保证每一个节点都是一个高性能,全功能的路由器,支持的型号可以参见其网站 。此解决方案可以让用户在搬家到大房屋后,无需抛弃现有的华硕路由器,购买 Mesh 路由器,只要再添加 Asus 路由器,组成 Aimesh 网络,购买成本降低了。
$144.22 on Amazon ASUS AX6100 WiFi 6 游戏路由器(RT-AX92U)- 三频段千兆无线互联网路由器,适用于游戏和流媒体,兼容 AiMesh,终身互联网安全,自适应 QoS
Netgear Netgear 推出了两条 Mesh 路由器产品线,一个是 Orbi,另一个是 Nightawk 夜鹰系列。Orbi RBK50V 其中分支路由器带有哈曼卡顿 Harman Kardon 智能音响,用户可以使用 Amazon Alexa 语音助手,将 Echo 与路由器二合一。
on NETGEAR Orbi 三频段全屋网状 WiFi 系统,速度高达 3Gbps(RBK50)- 路由器和扩展器替代品,覆盖高达 5,000 平方英尺,2 套装包括 1 个路由器和 1 个卫星,白色
$75.00 on Amazon NETGEAR 夜鹰全屋网状 WiFi 6 系统(MK62)- AX1800 路由器与 1 个卫星扩展器,覆盖高达 3,000 平方英尺,支持 25+设备
TP-Link TP-Link 的 Mesh 系统,入门门槛相对较低 (价格低) ,可以用 Alexa 操作。
$99.98 on Amazon TP-Link Deco 网状 WiFi 系统(Deco S4)- 高达 5,500 平方英尺覆盖范围,替代 WiFi 路由器和扩展器,千兆端口,兼容 Alexa,3 套装
$139.99 on Amazon TP-Link Deco WiFi 6 网状系统(Deco X20)- 覆盖高达 5800 平方英尺,替代无线路由器和扩展器(3 套装,总共 6 个以太网端口,支持有线以太网回传)
Google Nest Nest Wi-Fi 路由器为 Google 推出的第二代,Google 将第二代划入 Nest 智能家具产品线中,与 Amazon 一样,布局智能家具领域。
$81.00 on Amazon Nest WiFi 路由器与 1 个节点 – 网状无线互联网 Wi-Fi 扩展器,智能音响兼容 Google Home 系统
用户可以选购 Nest 「the Point」,一款带有 Google Assistant 智能音响的分支路由器。唯一可惜的是 Wi-Fi 5 路由器,应该在下次更新的时候,新机器会支持 Wi-Fi 6。
Linksys 价格稍高,不过稳定性高,可以单独作为 Mesh 网络,还可以与前文提到的 MR 系列搭配使用。与 Orbi,eero 一样,在苹果官网上也有售卖,品质有保障。
$179.99 on Amazon Linksys MX10600 Velop AX 全屋 WiFi 6 系统:无线路由器和扩展器,5.3 Gbps 速度,6,000 平方英尺覆盖范围,支持 100 台设备(2 套装)
网络配件 Wi-Fi Extender 无线中继器/扩展器 对于预算有限的用户,或者整套公寓只有少数区域 Wi-Fi 信号不佳,那购买一个 Wi-Fi Extender 是性价比很高的选择。放置在信号不佳区域与主无线路由器之间,将无线网络放大覆盖原来的 Dead Zone,不过缺点是无线网络速度会有损失。
$29.99 on Amazon TP-Link N300 WiFi 扩展器(TL-WA855RE)- WiFi 范围扩展器,最高速度达到 300Mbps,无线信号增强器和接入点,仅支持单频段 2.4GHz
$24.99 on Amazon NETGEAR Wi-Fi 范围扩展器 EX3700 – 覆盖面积高达 1000 平方英尺,支持 15 台设备,具有 AC750 双频段无线信号增强器和中继器(最高速度 750Mbps),紧凑的插墙式设计
电力猫 Powerline 将网络数据信号通过埋藏在墙壁中的电线传输,比较适合房屋较大,不方便在墙壁上打孔穿网线的用户。一套电力猫有两个设备,一个放在主路由器边上的插座上(不要使用插线板,直接插在墙上),使用网线与路由器连接,而另一个可以放在不同楼层,将网络信号传输到 Wi-Fi 无法触及的区域。
$26.80 on Amazon TP-Link AV600 电力线以太网适配器 – 即插即用,节能,纳米电力线适配器,通过稳定连接扩展家庭网络(TL-PA4010 KIT)
$109.99 on Amazon NETGEAR 电力线适配器套装,2000 Mbps 墙壁插座式,2 个千兆以太网端口,带有通过 + 额外插座(PLP2000-100PAS)
但电力猫缺点也是比较明显的,在同一条电线上尽量不要连接暖气,微波炉等大功率设备,不然电力猫终端的网速衰竭的会很厉害,如果是旧房子,墙壁中的电线老旧,排布比较凌乱,也不太适合选择电力猫。电力猫设备只能在同一个电网(同一个电表)中使用,无法跨越到隔壁人家。
POE Switch+POE AP 更加高级的 「玩法」,比较适合在装修前就确定网络方案,家庭面积大的用户。之前这类解决方案在商业环境下用的较多,比如学校,医院,商场等等。不过随着家庭用 POE(Power-over-ethernet)的交换机的普及,将入门门槛拉低。
POE 是指将电力通过网线传输,到终端 Access Point,终端 AP 无需再额外连接电源,当然有些 AP 也提供电源接口。AP 有分吸顶式的,还有装在墙壁上的,类似电灯开关的面板式的,这个大家在装修房子,布线的时候需要想清楚。选择的网线也尽量选择 Cat 5e,Cat 6 以上的网线,抗干扰性强。POE 交换机除了可以连接网络 AP,还能连接支持 POE 的摄像头。
$40.99 on Amazon TP-Link TL-SF1008P,8 端口 10/100Mbps PoE 交换机,4 个 PoE+端口 @66W,台式,即插即用,坚固的金属外壳,无风扇设计,扩展和优先模式,PoE 自动恢复
$119.97 on Amazon NETGEAR 8 端口 PoE 千兆以太网 Plus 交换机(GS108PEv3)- 可管理,带有 4 个 PoE @ 53W 端口,台式或壁挂式,有限终身保护
$76.49 on Amazon Ubiquiti UAP-AC-LITE UniFi AP AC LITE 802.11ac 千兆双频 PoE 无线接入点
$69.99 on Amazon TP-Link EAP245 V3 | Omada AC1750 千兆无线接入点 | 业务 WiFi 解决方案,支持网状覆盖,无缝漫游和 MU-MIMO 技术 | 由 PoE 供电 | 集成 SDN | 云端访问和 Omada 应用
交换机可以设定每个 AP 的无线网络信号使用不同的信道频道,避免互相干扰。当用户在整个网络中移动,「漫游」 的时候,交换机会判断用户的设备连接哪一个 AP 可以获得更好的信号与网络体验。
总结 无线永远不如有线!如果搬新家,需要装修,尽量在每个房间内都预留网线,随着各种智能家具越来越普及,将来升级网路,添加 AP 都会方便很多。我的建议是如果有能力,尽量买 Wi-Fi 6 的路由器。
来自上海,现居纽约。欢迎订阅本人制作的 Podcast 「想到说播客」。
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相关文章 Last update on 2025-04-01. Affiliate links and images from Amazon Product Advertising API. This website is an Amazon Associate. We earn from qualifying purchases.
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可以考虑 Unifi: ui.com 链接
组网方便,各个地方可以无缝切换。
Tony:房子在加建中,建成面程有六千尺,买什么路由器好!赐教!
每个房间都安装有线网络接口,使用网关 switch 统一管理,每个楼层安置 mesh router,直接上 Wi-Fi 6。