〔更新〕拜登正式废除川普移民禁令

• NEW【2021/02/24】拜登正式废除川普 10014 行政令 ^[链接]；10052 行政令将于 2021/03/31 过期。
• 【2020/12/31】川普将 10014 和 10052 号行政令延长到 2021/03/31 。
• 【2020/06/22】川普发布 10052 行政令，将 10014 禁令延长到 2020/12/31 、并禁止部分 H/J/L 入境。
• 【2020/04/30】移民权利组织要求联邦法庭紧急叫停 Trump 的 60 天移民禁令，但是该请求被 Oregon 的联邦法官 Michael Simon 于 4 月 30 日驳回。该法官于 2011 年上任，是 Obama 总统任命，在去年的另一起移民案件中曾做出对 Trump 政府不利的判决。
• 【2020/04/22】Trump 签署 10014 号行政令：Proclamation Suspending Entry of Immigrants Who Present Risk to the U.S. Labor Market During the Economic Recovery Following the COVID-19 Outbreak；俗称「川普移民禁令」。

补充阅读

• 《美国移民和调整身份的常见禁令及豁免》
• 《党员申请绿卡的移民法规定及豁免情形》

移民局公告

On Wednesday, April 22, President Trump signed a proclamation suspending entry into the United States of certain immigrants who present risk to the U.S. labor market during the economic recovery following the COVID-19 outbreak.  The proclamation was effective at 11:59 p.m. EDT on Thursday, April 23. It was continued by President Trump on June 23, and will expire on December 31, 2020, unless continued. 

U.S. citizens, lawful permanent residents, and those holding valid immigrant visas on the effective date of the Proclamation, are not subject to the proclamation. The Proclamation is not retroactive. No valid visas will be revoked under this Proclamation. The proclamation provides exceptions to its restrictions for certain categories of immigrants, including: certain healthcare professionals, aliens seeking to enter the United States pursuant to an EB-5 investor visa, spouses and children (categories IR2, CR2, IR3, IH3, IR4, IH4) of U.S. citizens, members of the United States Armed Forces and any spouse and children of a member of the United States Armed Forces, and aliens seeking to enter the United States pursuant to an Afghan and Iraqi Special Immigrant Visa. In addition, cases involving a child applicant who may age out may be considered for a national interest exception. Please refer to the proclamation for a full list of exceptions.

Routine visas services have been suspended at U.S. posts worldwide, but as resources allow, embassies and consulates will continue to provide emergency and mission critical visa services. Mission-critical immigrant visa categories may include applicants who may be eligible for an exception under this presidential proclamation, such as: IR/CR1, IR/CR2, IR/IH-3, IR/IH-4, SQ, SI, and certain employment-based medical professionals, as well as cases involving an applicant who may age out. While embassies and consulates may process these types of cases, their ability to do so may be limited by local government restrictions and available resources. In addition, an applicant’s ability to travel may be impacted by local laws, regulations, and travel restrictions

###

条文

Section 1. Suspension and Limitation on Entry. The entry into the United States of aliens as immigrants is hereby suspended and limited subject to section 2 of this proclamation.

Sec. 2. Scope of Suspension and Limitation on Entry. (a) The suspension and limitation on entry pursuant to section 1 of this proclamation shall apply only to aliens who:

(i) are outside the United States on the effective date of this proclamation;

(ii) do not have an immigrant visa that is valid on the effective date of this proclamation; and

(iii) do not have an official travel document other than a visa (such as a transportation letter, an appropriate boarding foil, or an advance parole document) that is valid on the effective date of this proclamation or issued on any date thereafter that permits him or her to travel to the United States and seek entry or admission.

(b) The suspension and limitation on entry pursuant to section 1 of this proclamation shall not apply to:

(i) any lawful permanent resident of the United States;

(ii) any alien seeking to enter the United States on an immigrant visa as a physician, nurse, or other healthcare professional; to perform medical research or other research intended to combat the spread of COVID-19; or to perform work essential to combating, recovering from, or otherwise alleviating the effects of the COVID-19 outbreak, as determined by the Secretary of State, the Secretary of Homeland Security, or their respective designees; and any spouse and unmarried children under 21 years old of any such alien who are accompanying or following to join the alien;

(iii) any alien applying for a visa to enter the United States pursuant to the EB-5 Immigrant Investor Program;

(iv) any alien who is the spouse of a United States citizen;

(v) any alien who is under 21 years old and is the child of a United States citizen, or who is a prospective adoptee seeking to enter the United States pursuant to the IR-4 or IH-4 visa classifications;

(vi) any alien whose entry would further important United States law enforcement objectives, as determined by the Secretary of State, the Secretary of Homeland Security, or their respective designees, based on a recommendation of the Attorney General or his designee;

(vii) any member of the United States Armed Forces and any spouse and children of a member of the United States Armed Forces;

(viii) any alien seeking to enter the United States pursuant to a Special Immigrant Visa in the SI or SQ classification, subject to such conditions as the Secretary of State may impose, and any spouse and children of any such individual; or

(ix) any alien whose entry would be in the national interest, as determined by the Secretary of State, the Secretary of Homeland Security, or their respective designees.

解读

Trump 此前 Twitter 让很多人误以为会全面暂停移民，目前看来力度要小很多：

• 仅限于人在国外的申请人。人在境内、调整身份不受影响。
• 仅限于尚未获得移民签证的人。如果你于 4/22/2020 之前已经获得了移民签证，不受影响。
• 不包括 Advance Parole 。
• 不包括美国的永久居民。如果你已经有了绿卡、人在国外，仍然可以回来。

其他一些例外情形包括（但不限于）：

• 申请移民签证的医护人员、以及他们的 21 岁以下未婚子女。
• EB-5 移民申请人。
• 美国公民的配偶或 21 岁以下子女。
• 美国军人的配偶或子女。

总结

• 如果你人在美国，AOS 并没有暂停。但受疫情影响，移民局处理速度很慢。 5 月排期至今未出！
• 如果你人在国外，但是已经有了移民签证、或绿卡、或 AP，仍然可以入境／回来。
• 如果你在国外，不是 EB-5 、也不是公民配偶或 21 岁以下子女，你的移民申请未来 60 天内不会批准。
• 该行政令并未排除公民的父母。从字面意思上说，公民在境外的父母若申请移民也将暂停。

该行政令持续 60 天，此后可能延续。

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