老美很能折腾,我在超市看到那一大片货架上的香料,有点吓到,但香料味道是萝卜青菜各有所爱,也许你试过就爱上了呢?咱们也来认识一下美国常见的香草和香料吧。
Black Pepper 黑胡椒
老美的万用香料,不管什么东西,撒点盐、黑胡椒粉,淋点油,拌一拌,丢烤箱搞定。黑胡椒也是牛排的好搭档,越是品质好的牛排,越是不需要加别的调料,盐和黑胡椒足矣。
《读懂美国超市牛羊鸡肉的等级和认证标签》- Black pepper with a sharp, earthy flavor and aroma
- Built-in, adjustable grinder to deliver fresh pepper every time
- Enhances flavor and adds heat to any dish
据说现磨的黑胡椒比较香,我是分不出来有什么不同,只是拿着研磨瓶的那一刻感觉像 Gordon Ramsay 附身。
Cinnamon 肉桂
让人爱恨交加的小妖精,甜点饮料中常见。肉桂卷想必大家都吃过了,也有人拿肉桂棒当咖啡搅拌棒,肉桂香味在搅动中慢慢融入咖啡。肉桂棒磨成粉就是肉桂粉,肉桂粉和白糖混在一起后做为甜甜圈的 topping 非常令人陶醉。还有苹果派,少了肉桂粉就不是那个味道了。
- McCormick Gourmet Organic Saigon Cinnamon Sticks have rich taste & aroma
- Cinnamon comes from the inner bark of the trunk of the tropical cinnamon tree
- Our carefully sourced cinnamon sticks are certified Organic and non GMO
Cumin 孜然
孜然粒 cumin seeds 和孜然粉 ground cumin 超市都很容易买到,吃货国子民对它很熟悉了。如果需要大量,去华人超市买大包装的更划算。墨西哥菜、印度菜常用孜然粉。
- McCormick Cumin Seed brings smoky, nutty flavor to curries, chili and tacos
- Our cumin seeds are carefully selected for earthy flavor
- Essential to Tex-Mex and Southwestern dishes
- Earthy warmth and subtle citrus flavor
- Always ground from whole cumin seeds
- A favorite in Mexican, Latin American, Indian & Middle Eastern cuisines
Cloves 丁香
有整颗 whole cloves 的也有打成粉 ground cloves 的,常用来炖肉。你们知道丁香也是 ketchup 和 Worchestershire sauce 秘密配方中的一员么?
- Brought to you by Whole Foods Market. Our standards are what set us apart, and our quality is what...
- Product of Sri Lanka.
- Certified GMO-Free, Certified Kosher.
- GROUND CLOVES - Frontier Co-op offers high quality ground cloves (Syzygium aromaticum L. Merr.)...
- FLAVORFUL AND AROMATIC - Intensely aromatic and richly flavored, cloves have been a major player in...
- VERSATILE USES - Our ground cloves are perfect for use in pickling, marinating, and spicing. Also...
Garlic Powder 大蒜粉
华人料理多用新鲜大蒜,老美则多用大蒜粉,因为方便。主要用来腌制(marinate)或做大蒜面包(garlic bread)。大蒜粉没有新鲜大蒜的刺激味,但更香,也算是个万用香料。
- Smoother and more mellow than raw garlic
- Made from fresh, whole garlic cloves that have been dried and ground
- Powdered garlic disperses completely and evenly into your dishes
Onion Powder 洋葱粉
洋葱粉在腌肉时常常和大蒜粉搭配用,和我们用葱姜水去腥的原理差不多,添香。
- Add fresh onion flavor, aroma and a touch of color to all kinds of dishes
- Salt-free onion powder with minced green onions and parsley flakes
- 1 tsp onion powder = 1/4 fresh minced onion
Ground Ginger 姜粉
姜粉是 gingerbread 必备调料,味道比鲜姜浓郁很多,我们华人可能不习惯。
- ORGANIC GINGER ROOT - Don’t let its mellow yellow color fool you. There’s nothing mellow about...
- DELICIOUS AND VERSATILE - Simply Organic ground ginger root is a versatile spice that goes way...
- PURE AND POTENT FLAVOR - Simply Organic believes in pure and potent flavor grown at the source, and...
Nutmeg 肉豆蔻
可以买整颗 whole nutmeg,自己用擦子擦成粉,或直接买肉豆蔻粉 ground nutmeg 。常和肉桂一起用在甜点中,也是个秋意浓浓的香料,闻起来有木料香味。
- Nutmeg, Whole | Organic | Kosher Certified
- Grate over pasta, spinach, egg dishes, coffee, custard and fruit desserts!
- Nutmeg is an aromatic spice used in both sweet and savory dishes.
- Warm spicy-sweet flavor and rich aroma
- McCormick Gourmet Organic Ground Nutmeg is hand-picked for distinctive flavor
- Our sourced nutmeg is certified Organic and non GMO
Paprika 红椒粉
Paprika 是用红灯笼椒磨成的粉,非常温和,甜味大过辣味,其实要说它辣我都觉得在搞笑呢。多用于给肉类/海鲜增添颜色。
- Fruity, slightly sweet and toasty flavor
- Vivid red color makes it the perfect garnish for deviled eggs and pasta salads
- Always starts with whole, ripe peppers
Chili Powder 辣椒粉
Chili powder 并不是某种特定辣椒,通常是几种辣椒和牛至叶(oregano)、脱水大蒜一起打成的粉,有的品牌还会参杂一点 cumin,购买时记得看标签。有一点点辣,是国民美食 chili 的必备调料。
- A robust blend of ripe peppers, herbs and spices
- Deep rich, flavorful heat, vibrant red color and aroma
- Non GMO
Cayenne 卡宴辣椒粉
Cayenne pepper 可以理解为一般意义上的辣椒粉,是真的辣。然而美国人并不太能吃辣,卡宴辣椒粉的辣度跟我们的辣椒面比起来不过是 piece of cake 。如果你能买到华人店的辣椒面,就忽略卡宴辣椒粉吧。
- Starts with whole, ripe peppers
- Dried and milled under strict quality controls
- Zesty heat, vivid red color and balanced flavor
Turmeric 印度姜黄
姜黄是姜黄,姜是姜,不一样。可能大家在保健品里面见过它了,姜黄粉当然也是可以直接吃的,也有染色的效果,印度料理中多见。
- USDA Certified Organic; Non-GMO Project Verified
- Vivid yellow-orange color and subtle, earthy flavor
- Easy-to-handle bottle for refilling spice jars
姜黄中含有钾和磷,有肾脏疾病、尤其是在做透析的肾脏病患者,需要限制二者的摄入量。
《肾脏疾病患者应该避免的保健品及注意事项》 《美国常见保健品的功效与注意事项》Allspice 多香果
我以前一直以为 allspice 就是把多种 spice 混合起来,真是图样图森破。其实人家就叫 allspice 多香果,是由多香果树未成熟的果子干燥后而来,有整颗包装的 whole allspice,超市常见的是已经磨成粉的 ground allspice,做 gingerbread 、 pumpkin pie 常用。
- Aromatic McCormick Gourmet Whole Jamaican Allspice has peppery, sweet flavor
- Flavor evokes a blend of cinnamon, nutmeg and cloves
- Pea-sized berry of an evergreen tree from the Caribbean & Central America
- Sweet, nutty flavor
- Whole nutmeg is hand-picked for intense nutty flavor
- Enjoyed in world cuisines including Indian, French, Swedish & Middle Eastern
Coriander Seed 香菜籽
香菜恐惧党可能会吓死了,除了香菜叶,还有香菜籽?!
- McCormick Gourmet Organic Coriander Seed adds warm, lemony notes
- Our carefully sourced coriander is certified Organic and non GMO
- Versatile spice flavors sweet and savory recipes
其实香菜籽 coriander seed 和香菜叶味道不一样,带着隐隐的柑橘香气。也许你在印度咖喱、德国香肠都吃过它的味道,只是你不知道那是香菜籽罢了。
Poppy Seeds 罂粟籽
罂粟籽 poppy seeds 是黑黑的、小小种子状香料,不要被名字吓到,它是无毒!安全!的!带着淡淡甜味,做为 topping 洒在面包、冰淇淋上,还有就是 sweet onion sauce 里,你们在 subway 一定吃过。
- Brought to you by whole foods market
- Poppy seed
Vanilla 香草
无人不知无人不晓的香料了吧!喜欢有仪式感的就自己刮香草荚 vanilla beans,喜欢方便的就直接买香草精,注意买 pure vanilla extract,不要买 imitation 。
- Contains 2 beans
- Packaged in the USA
- Cut in 2-inch pieces. Cut 1 bean for 4 servings ice cream, custards, or cream sauces
- Premium pure vanilla bean extract with a deep, rich taste and color
- Each batch blended for consistent flavor in every bottle
- A baker’s best friend — even balances meat and seafood dishes
接下来介绍一下真正的香草 — Herbs,读饿不死,不是喝不死,H 不发音。
Parsley 欧芹
我第一次知道 parsley 和下面几种香草,是因为电影毕业生插曲 Scarborough Fair 。
Are you going to Scarborough Fair?
Parsley, sage, rosemary and thyme
Remember me to one who lives there
She once was a true love of mine
Parsley 有两种,平叶和卷叶。平叶欧芹看起来和香菜有点像,当然你一闻就分出来了。

卷叶欧芹其实在中国很常见,用于饭店摆盘,萝卜花旁边那一撮绿叶子就是。

欧芹要新鲜,很容易买到,自己种一不小心就长成一大片。干燥欧芹香味尽失,浪费钱。
Sage 鼠尾草
和下面几种香草一样,常用于腌制禽类,如果你偷懒,买一瓶 poultry seasoning,里面就是百里香、鼠尾草、迷迭香等的混合物。喜欢柔和一点就用新鲜鼠尾草,因为干燥磨成粉的鼠尾草相当呛人……
- Expertly blended for savory herb flavor
- A mix of thyme, sage and other herbs and spices
- For chicken dishes like roast chicken or fried chicken, pot pies, stews & chicken salad

Rosemary 迷迭香
迷迭香是我最喜欢的香草,闻着味道就心情平静。油脂能带出它的香味,牛油融化后加入迷迭香煎一煎,淋在烤鸡或牛排上特别棒。或者切碎了做为烤鸡的腌料,剪一条和肉一起炖。

不管是新鲜的还是干燥的迷迭香,只要是整束的枝条,香味都很浓,但超市里的小罐子都是捋下来的干叶子,味道就大打折扣。
Thyme 百里香
百里香也是主要用于禽类的腌制,常和柠檬组 CP 。新鲜的百里香香味并没有新鲜迷迭香浓郁,但干燥磨成粉的百里香简直是大杀器,手一定要轻!

Basil 罗勒
罗勒常见有两类(其实还有更多类),圆形叶的 sweet basil 和尖叶子的 Thai basil 。
Sweet basil 就是老美常用的那种,做 pizza topping 、意大利面、青酱。如果你看到食谱里叫你加 basil,请买 sweet basil 。

Thai basil 则是亚洲国家常用的,潮汕人用来烹制海鲜,越南人做春卷、牛肉粉,泰国人做打抛猪肉。 Basil 新鲜的比干燥的美味多了,有条件的话自己种一盆,特好养活。

Oregano 牛至叶
牛至叶,也叫披萨草,顾名思义就是撒在披萨上的,熬番茄肉酱也很搭,反正它用来跟番茄料理搭配最好,被誉为意大利料理的精髓。只要撒点 oregano 和 basil,立马充满意大利风情。买干燥的就行了。

Dill 莳萝
新鲜的莳萝叶子呈羽毛状,和小茴香很像。莳萝叶子很适合作为腌料和肉类、鱼类搭配,也可以切碎混入沙拉酱。莳萝种子则常用来做腌黄瓜,所以你会在超市看到 dill pickle 。

Bay 月桂叶/香叶
咱们卤肉放的香叶就是 bay leaf,老美炖肉也放,可见世界大同。使用方法是整片丢进锅子里和肉一起炖,最后捞出来弃之。
- Classic in sauces and soups
- Used in restaurants and home gourmet cooking.
- Aromatic and Gourmet
Chives 韭菜
神马!老美把韭菜当作香草,养的细细的还要好几块钱?就为了切碎做 garnish? 我觉得没必要买,撒把葱花儿一样的。
- Organic and natural
- Fresh and flavorful
- Clamshell
Mint 薄荷
常见的有 peppermint 和 spearmint,我在超市买到的通常是 spearmint,做冷饮,泡茶,甜点,越南粉,越南春卷。薄荷我好像没看到有卖干燥的,都是一小盆一小盒新鲜卖。


藏红花 Saffron
很贵很贵的香料,比白松露还贵,原产于古波斯(现伊朗)。西班牙海鲜饭的必备香料,可以把饭染成黄色,但其实没什么味道(也许是我这平民舌头尝不出来)。华人用它来泡茶,有活血化瘀的功效。香料藏红花是来自臧红花花朵的雌蕊,一朵花里就两三丝,只能人工采集,所以特别贵,超市里 1.7g 的藏红花卖 $18,Amazon 上略微便宜一点。
- Highest Quality Saffron Threads, Super Negin Grade Saffron. Zaran Saffron is a Family-Owned and...
- Zaran Saffron is Perfect for all your Cooking needs, such as Golden Rice, Paella, Risotto, Golden...
- Lab Tested in accordance with ISO 3632, our Saffron is tested for the highest levels of (Crocin)...
这些都是我们平时比较常用到的香草香料,只占香料帝国中的一小部分。
我家常备的干燥香料有:garlic powder, onion powder, chili powder, paprika, cumin, oregano, bay leaf, cinnamon 。气候允许,我会种新鲜的 rosemary, thyme, mint, parsley, basil 。偷懒不想做菜的时候,就拖出一只鸡,抹上香料烤一烤,就是一顿美味的晚餐。
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